What could be the fuel for traveling across the Universe?

Guys, we all be having the question, what could be the vehicle that could take us to the various planets, galaxies and universe.

You might wonder what a stupid question is that?! but hold it on, the most probable answer you may give can be the Rockets till when human haven’t found any suspicious vehicles like the flying saucers, many more. I told you to hold  for a while because here is a thing we all need to re-memorize that Several practical liquid oxidizers (liquid oxygen, nitrogen tetroxide, and hydrogen peroxide) , but with the usage of fuels, just for the travel to mars takes approximately 150 days provided your launch has the maximum speed, imagine what if you wanna go for some other galaxy how long can it take!!!

When it comes to the species from other galaxies, from the point when we were listening ,or some may even have experience in seeing we came to a conclusion that life existed in other galaxies and they are using flying saucer kind of stuff to travel from their home planet to earth. If that is true, How can that be possible, how they can come and go(disappear) soon?

To give a justification to a fact regarding the advanced technology of the other species in the various other planets or galaxies two Astrophysicists from Harvard University namely Avi Loeb and his co-author Manasvi Lingam proposed a thesis which gives the information regarding the fuel used in the probes of the species from the other galaxies.

According to them mysterious phenomena called fast radio bursts could be evidence of advanced alien technology.Specifically, these bursts might be leakage from planet-sized transmitters powering interstellar probes in distant galaxies.

“Fast radio bursts are exceedingly bright given their short duration and origin at great distances, and we haven’t identified a possible natural source with any confidence,” said theorist Avi Loeb of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. “An artificial origin is worth contemplating and checking.”

As the name implies, fast radio bursts are millisecond-long flashes of radio emission. First discovered in 2007, fewer than two dozen have been detected by gigantic radio telescopes like the Parkes Observatory in Australia or the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. They are inferred to originate from distant galaxies, billions of light-years away.

Loeb and his co-author Manasvi Lingam (Harvard University) examined the feasibility of creating a radio transmitter strong enough for it to be detectable across such immense distances. They found that, if the transmitter were solar powered, the sunlight falling on an area of a planet twice the size of the Earth would be enough to generate the needed energy. Such a vast construction project is well beyond our technology, but within the realm of possibility according to the laws of physics.

The paper reporting this work has been accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters and is available online.

What is a website?

 

 

HI guys… we use many kind of websites in this modern world. Many of us wonder what a website is. It is a collection of related webpages including multimedia content typically identified with a common domain name and published on at least one server.

Early websites had only text and soon after images were developed. Plugins were then used to add audio, video, and interactivity. Example of some plugins are Adobe flash, Adobe Shockwave and Applets. These are plugins are designed using JAVA language. HTML5 includes provisions for audio and video without plugins.

Websites can be divided into two broad categories

static website

dynamic website

STATIC WEBSITE:

A static website has web pages stored on the server in the format that is sent to a client web browser. It was first coded in HTML and later CSS was used which controls the basic appearance beyond HTML. Images are commonly used to affect the desired appearance. Audio and videos might also be considered static. This kind of website usually displays same information to all users.

DYNAMIC WEBSITE:

A dynamic website automatically changes or customizes itself frequently. There are a wide range of software systems, such as CGI, Java Servlets and Java Server Pages (JSP), Active Server Pages and ColdFusion(CFML) that are available to generate dynamic web systems and dynamic sites.

 

 

 

 

 

History of the Eye Glasses!!!!!

Guys, it won’t be a exaggeration if it is stated that almost every teen is expected to visit a eye specialist in order to have a check for their eyes for any kind of the problem in their vision. There may be many reasons for the defect in their eyes, but the most approached mode is getting spectacles based on the type of defect.

Have you ever wondered when,why,how and where does this usage of the spectacles began?!!!

people have been using magnification devices to assist with seeing things since at least  Roman times. Seneca the younger(c 4 BCE – 65 CE) allegedly used a glass globe filled with water in an attempt to magnify text in his later years. By 1000, reading stones, similar to what we know as magnifying glasses,were in use, though they were unwieldy and not wearable. Although it is not exactly clear who invented them, eyeglass existed by at least 1268, when English philosopher Roger Bacon first wrote about them.

Eyeglasses offered a practical, portable means of correcting vision. Early offered a practical means of vision. Early spectacles were made of from quartz lenses, but later advances in glass making allowed inventors to pair the optics with lighter frames that could be easily worn.

Johannes Kepler explained the vision as a process of refraction with in the eye. and that people with blurred vision had an optical defect which meant that people that light rays were focussed either in front or just behind their retina –a problem that lenses corrected by redirecting the light.

 

By the 1780s, Benjamin Franklin, a painter by trade, had created bifocals, allowing those with more than one vision problem to rely on a single set of glasses!!!

Mechanical Computer!!!!!!!

Guys, have you ever heard of this mechanical computer and the mechanical programmability. It is the automation of complicated instructions for machines.

The Z1 was a mechanical computer designed by Konrad Zuse from 1935 to 1936 and built by him from 1936 to 1938. It was a binary electrically driven mechanical calculator with limited programmability, reading instructions from punched celluloid film.

The Z1 was the first freely programmable computer in the world which used Boolean logic and binary floating point numbers, however it was unreliable in operation.

It was completed in 1938 and financed completely from private funds. This computer was destroyed in the bombardment of Berlin in December 1943, during World War II, together with all construction plans.

The Z1 was the first in a series of computers that Zuse designed. Its original name was “V1” for VersuchsModell 1 (meaning Experimental Model 1). After WW2, it was renamed “Z1” to differentiate from the flying bombs designed by Robert Lusser.

Design:

The design of this mechanical computer was as follows:

 

The Z2 and Z3 were follow-ups based on many of the same ideas as the Z1.

Construction:

“Z1 was a machine of about 1000 kg weight, which consisted from some 20000 parts. It was a programmable computer, based on binary floating point numbers and a binary switching system. It consisted completely of thin metal sheets, which Zuse and his friends produced using a jigsaw.””The [data] input device was a keyboard…The Z1’s programs (Zuse called them Rechenplans) were stored on punch tapes by means of an 8-bit code”

Construction of the Z1 was privately financed. Zuse got money from his parents, his sister Lieselotte, some students of the fraternity AV Motiv (cf. Helmut Schreyer) and Kurt Pannke (a calculating machines manufacturer in Berlin) to do so.

Zuse constructed the Z1 in his parents’ apartment; in fact, he was allowed to use the living room for his construction. In 1936, Zuse quit his job in airplane construction in order to build the Z1.

Zuse is said to have used “thin metal strips” and perhaps “metal cylinders” or glass plates to construct Z1. There were probably no commercial relays in it (although the Z3 is said to have used a few telephone relays). The only electrical unit was an electric motor to give the clock frequency of 1 Hz (cycle per second) to the machine.

‘The memory was constructed from thin strips of slotted metal and small pins, and proved faster, smaller, and more reliable, than relays. The Z2 used the mechanical memory of the Z1, but used relay-based arithmetic. The Z3 was experimentally built entirely of relays. The Z4 was the first attempt at a commercial computer, reverting to the faster and more economical mechanical slotted metal strip memory, with relay processing, of the Z2, but the war interrupted the Z4 development.’

Reconstruction:

The original Z1 was destroyed by the Allied air raids in 1943, but in 1986 Zuse decided to rebuild the machine. He constructed thousands of elements of the Z1 again, and finished rebuilding the device in 1989. The rebuilt Z1 (pictured) is displayed at the German Museum of Technology in Berlin.